• Chondromalacia Patella

    Chondromalacia Patella

    Chondromalacia patella is a common condition characterized by softening, weakening and damage of the cartilage.

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  • Jumper's Knee

    Jumper's Knee

    Jumper’s knee, also known as patellar tendinitis, is inflammation of the patellar tendon that connects your kneecap...

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  • Baker's Cyst

    Baker's Cyst

    The knee contains a fluid called synovial fluid, which reduces the friction between the bones of the knee joint while you move your leg.

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  • Iliotibial Band Syndrome

    Iliotibial Band Syndrome

    Iliotibial band syndrome is an overuse injury resulting from the inflammation of the iliotibial band.

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  • Osteochondritis Dissecans of the Knee

    Osteochondritis Dissecans of the Knee

    Osteochondritis dissecans is a joint condition in which a piece of cartilage, along with a thin layer of the bone separates...

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  • Medial Patellofemoral Ligament (MPFL) Rupture

    Medial Patellofemoral Ligament (MPFL) Rupture

    The medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) is a ligament that joins the kneecap (patella) to the thighbone (femur).

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  • Knee Injury

    Knee Injury

    Pain, swelling, and stiffness are the common symptoms of any damage or injury to the knee.

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  • ACL Tears

    ACL Reconstruction

    The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is one of the major ligaments of the knee.

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  • MCL Tears

    MCL Tears

    The medial collateral ligament (MCL) is the ligament located on the inner part of the knee joint.

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  • MCL Sprains

    MCL Sprains

    The medial collateral ligament (MCL), a band of tissue present on the inside of your knee joint, connects your thighbone...

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  • Meniscal Injuries

    Meniscal Injuries

    Meniscal tears are one of the most common injuries to the knee joint. It can occur at any age but are more common...

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  • Knee Ligament Injuries

    Knee Ligament Injuries

    Knee problems may arise if any of these structures get injured by overuse or suddenly during sports activities.

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  • Multiligament Instability

    Multiligament Instability

    The knee is a complex joint of the body that is vital for movement. The four major ligaments of the knee...

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  • Knee Arthritis

    Knee Arthritis

    The joint surface is covered by a smooth articular surface that allows pain-free movement in the joint.

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  • Patellar Dislocation/Patellofemoral Dislocation

    Patellar Dislocation/Patellofemoral Dislocation

    Patellar dislocation occurs when the patella moves out of the patellofemoral groove, (trochlea) onto the bony head of the femur.

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  • Patellar Instability

    Patellar Instability

    Any damage to the supporting ligaments may cause the patella to slip out of the groove either partially (subluxation)...

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  • Patella Fracture

    Patella Fracture

    The kneecap or patella forms a part of the knee joint. It is present at the front of the knee, protecting the knee...

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  • Recurrent Patella Dislocation

    Recurrent Patella Dislocation

    The patella (kneecap) is a small bone that shields your knee joint. It is present in front of your knee...

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  • Quadriceps Tendon Rupture

    Quadriceps Tendon Rupture

    The quadriceps can rupture after a fall, direct blow to the leg or if you land on your leg awkwardly from a jump.

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  • Patellar Tendon Rupture

    Patellar Tendon Rupture

    The patellar tendon works together with the quadriceps muscle and the quadriceps tendon to allow your knee to straighten out.

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  • Lateral Meniscus Syndrome

    Lateral Meniscus Syndrome

    Lateral meniscus syndrome is characterized by an injury caused by the tearing of the cartilage tissue or a rare case...

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  • Osteochondral Defect of the Knee

    Osteochondral Defect of the Knee

    An osteochondral defect, of the knee refers to a damage or injury to the smooth articular cartilage surrounding...

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  • Knee Dislocation

    Knee Dislocation

    Knee dislocation is a condition that occurs when the bones that form the knee joint, namely the femur or thigh bone get separated...

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  • Lateral Patellar Instability

    Lateral Patellar Instability

    Lateral patellar instability is defined as a lateral shift or displacement of the patella (kneecap) as a result...

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  • Medial Patellar Instability

    Medial Patellar Instability

    Medial patellar instability is a disabling condition characterised by medial subluxation of the patella which occurs...

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  • Distal Femur Fracture

    Distal Femur Fracture

    The femur or thigh bone is the longest and strongest bone in the body, connecting the hip to the knee.

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  • Articular Cartilage Injury (Knee)

    Articular Cartilage Injury (Knee)

    Articular (or hyaline) cartilage is the tissue lining the surface of the two bones in the knee joint.

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  • Knee Fracture

    Knee Fracture

    A fracture is a condition in which there is a break in the continuity of the bone.  In younger individuals...

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  • Knee Osteoarthritis

    Knee Osteoarthritis

    Osteoarthritis also called degenerative joint disease, is the most common form of arthritis.

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  • Knee Sports Injuries

    Knee Sports Injuries

    Sports trauma or sports injuries refer to injuries caused while playing indoor or outdoor sports and exercising.

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  • Meniscus Root Tear

    Meniscus Root Tear

    Meniscal root tears are characterised as soft tissue or bony root avulsion injuries or radial tears located...

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  • Medial Meniscus Syndrome

    Medial Meniscus Syndrome

    The medial meniscus is the most easily injured of the menisci. Differences in the anatomical attachments of the medial meniscus compared...

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  • Knee Stress Fractures

    Knee Stress Fractures

    Stress fractures of the patella or knee are very rare. Approximately two out of 10,000 athletes may experience...

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  • Multiligament Knee Injuries

    Multiligament Knee Injuries

    Injury to more than one knee ligament is called a multiligament knee injury and may occur during sports or other physical activities.

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  • Quadriceps Tendon Rupture and Repair

    Quadriceps Tendon Rupture and Repair

    A quadriceps tendon rupture is defined as a tear of the quadriceps tendon as a result of a traumatic incident.

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  • Patellofemoral Arthritis

    Patellofemoral Arthritis

    Patellofemoral arthritis is a condition characterized by loss of the smooth cartilage between the kneecap (patella)...

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  • Anterior Knee Pain

    Anterior Knee Pain

    Anterior knee pain is characterized by chronic pain over the front and centre of the knee joint.

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  • Runner's Knee

    Runner's Knee

    Patellofemoral pain syndrome, also called runner’s knee, refers to pain under and around your kneecap.

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  • Microfracture

    Microfracture

    Microfracture is a surgical technique used to repair defects in the articular cartilage of the knee, also called chondral defects.

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  • Knee Pain

    Knee Pain

    Knee pain is a common condition affecting individuals of various age groups. It not only affects movement but also impacts your quality of life.

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  • The General Medical Council
  • The British Medical Association (BMA)
  • NHS website
  • The Royal College of Surgeons of England
  • British Orthopaedic Association
  • British Association for Surgery of the Knee
  • European Society for Sports Traumatology, Knee Surgery and Arthroscopy
  • American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons
  • Top Doctors
  • Percival Pott Club
  • Magellan Orthopaedic Society